Before Civilization: The Pre-Historic Era
The origins and "Ages" of Human Beings
Prehistory is the time before anything was written down
200,000 years ago a human species emerged in Southwestern Africa
14,000 years ago, a worldwide human race existed
Earliest prehistoric age is the Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)
Neolithic Age ( New Stone Age) was marked by advanced tool marking and the beginnings of agriculture
Initially, humans were parts of migratory groups which hunted, fished and gathered plants for food
The Prehistoric Era
The Agriculture Revolution
Also known as the Neolithic Revolution, this was a shift from itinerant hunting/gathering to more permanent settlement centered on agriculture (beginning in Southwestern Asia)
Populations rose due to increased ability to care for young children
Hierarchies appeared in village life; the status of women was lowered as women were confined to more domestic duties
Invention of wheel and plow made it possible to produce enough food for storage
Villagers were polytheists, worshipped multiple nature, human and animal goals
The Earliest Cities: Mesopotamia
The district known as Sumer occupied the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Population increased dramatically to new irrigation techniques
Cities and towns were founded, some with as many as 40,000 inhabitants
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